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SENTENCJE I DEFINICJE
In toto et pars continentur , Crimina morte extinguntur , Corruptissima republica plurimae leges , Impossibilium nulla obligatio est , Dura lex, sed lex , Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , Legatum est donatio testamento relicta, Hereditas viventis non datur , Vim vi repellere licet, Lex specialis derogat legi generali , Nemo invitus compellitur ad communionem , Nulli res sua servit, In poenam heres non succedit , Ignorantia iuris nocet, facti non nocet, Errantis voluntas nulla est , In dubio pro reo , Si in ius vocat, ito, Nomina ipso iure divisa, Is fecit, cui prodest, Nullum crimen sine culpa, Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur , Lex est, quo populus iubet atque constituit , Cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur , Ius est ars boni et aequi , Servitus servitutir esse non potest, Delicta parentum liberis non nocet , Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , Nullum crimen sine lege , Actor sequitur forum rei , Inter arma silent leges , Mala fides superveniens non nocet , Mulier familiae suae et caput et finis est
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Lekcja pierwsza
postgraduate studies, a thesis/a dissertion, to graduate from, prof., a scientific circle, experlise, a syllabus, a trance, standarts of teaching, a examiner of a thesis, a PhD student/doctoral student, a research worker, BSc, a thesis super visior, extremal studies, a rector, full-time studies, to get a credit, a certificat of completion, TA, educational background, to do a project on, to specialize in/to major in, a scholarship, to do intership, classess, MSc, a den, a maintenance grant, a lecturer, an examing board, BA
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Rzym 2
actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Is fecit, cui prodest, adoptio naturam imitatur, Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, cui ius est domanti, eidem of vandendi, et concedenti ius est, Nomina ipso iure divisa, Mora trahit periculum, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Summum ius summa iniuria, cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur, Nulli res sua servit , Servitus servitutir esse non potest, Prior tempore potior iure, Legatum est donatio testamento relicta, imposibilium nulla obligato est, errantis voluntas nulla est, impossibilis condiciu pro non scripto habetur, Superficies solo cedit , furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur
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Rzym 3
Actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem, Pacta sunt servanda, Impossibilium nulla obligatio est, Non omne quod licet honestum est, Lex superior derogat legi inferiori, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Errantis voluntas nulla est, Nullum crimen sine culpa, Lex severior retro non agit, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Alterius contractu nemo obligatur, Accessio cedit principali, Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur, Lex non obligat nisi promulgata
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unit 1
paintball ; an outdoor game in which people shoot each other using guns that fire pellets filled with paint, gallon ; a unit for measuring an amount of liquid, especially petrol or water. In the UK, a gallon is equal to 4.55 litres. In the US, a gallon is equal to 3.79 litres. A gallon contains 8 pints or 4 , accessory ; a small thing such as a piece of jewelry or a pair of shoes that you wear with clothes to give them more style, looped ; with a round shape or curve made by a line curling back toward itself, lacking ; if something important or useful is lacking, it does not exist or is not available, give (sth) a try ; to do something in order to find out what happens or to find out wh ether something is good, appropriate, effective etc., after a while ; after a period of time, temptation ; a strong feeling of wanting to have or to do something, especially something that is bad for you, antique ; old and valuable, aficionado ; someone who is very interested in something and knows a lot about it, selfish ; thinking only about yourself and not caring about other people, swap ; the process of giving one thing in exchange for another , introverted ; a little shy and tending to concentrate on your own thoughts and, outgoing ; someone who is outgoing is friendly and enjoys meeting and talking to people, attend ; to be present at an event or activity, badge ; a small round object that fastens onto your clothes with a pin and usually has a picture or writing on it. The American word is button., get hold of ; to get something that you need or want, pastime ; something that you do regularly for fun in your free time, trade; to buy or sell goods or services, goods ; a stone or plastic model of a gnome (an imaginary little man in children’s stories who wears a pointed hat and can do magic), used in gardens for decoration, survey ; a set of questions that you ask a large number of people or organizations, guerilla ; a member of a military group that is not official and usually wants to change a political situation. Their main method is to make unexpected attacks in small groups., script ; the written words of a play, film, television programme, speech etc, set up ; to make a piece of equipment ready for use, scary ; making you feel frightened, tendency ; an aspect of your character that you show by behaving in a particular way, draw a line between ; to keep two things separate, autograph ; a famous person’s name that they sign for someone else to keep, at first ; in the beginning before something changes, be crazy about ; be very enthusiastic about something, slant ; to be or move at an angle that is not 90 degrees, or to make something do this, hooked ; if you are hooked on something, you find it so attractive or interesting that you want to do it as much as possible
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angielski
baron ; a man who is a member of the nobility. In the UK, a baron has lower status than most other members of the nobility., curtsey ; if a woman curtsies, she shows her respect for someone by bending her knees with one leg behind the other as a formal greeting, playful ; lively and full of fun, round the bend ; to become crazy, rip ; to make a hole in something using force, pointless ; lacking any purpose or use, smoothly ; without difficulty, problems, or delays, eccentric ; someone who is eccentric often behaves in slightly strange or unusual ways, blow (your) top ; to suddenly become very angry, flock of ; a group of birds, sheep, or goats, lose (your) temper ; to suddenly become angry, get in touch with ; to speak or write to someone, especially after you have not spoken to them for a long time, get on with it ; to give your time to something and make progress with it, ironically ; used for saying that a situation has developed in an unexpected and sometimes humorous way, irritation ; something that annoys you, especially over a period of time, need (your) head examined ; to seem to be crazy or to be doing stupid things, obstacle ; a difficulty or problem that prevents you from achieving something, rope ; a type of very thick string that can be used for tying or pulling things, tame ; someone who is tame obeys other people or is afraid of them, messy ; untidy or dirty, unhygienic ; not clean, and likely to cause disease, butt in ; to join a conversation or activity without being asked to, puppy ; a very young dog, red setter ; a breed of dog with reddish fur, fence ; a flat upright structure made of wood or wire that surrounds an area of land, mildly ; to put it mildly is used for saying that the words you have chosen are not as extreme as they could have been, stunning ; very impressive or beautiful, trial ; the process of examining a case in a court of law and deciding whether someone is guilty or innocent. When a case comes to trial, it is brought to a court and the person who has been accused o, stick ; a long, thin piece of wood that has been broken or cut from a tree, busker ; someone who performs music in the streets and other public places for money, petition ; a document signed by many people that asks someone in authority to do something, extinction ; the situation when an animal, plant, or language no longer exists
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angielski
scout ; a boy or girl who is a member of the Scouts, an organization that encourages boys and girls to learn practical skills and help other people , ensure ; to make certain that something happens or is done , acronym ; an abbreviation consisting of letters that form a word. For example, NATO is an acronym for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. , civilize ; to make someone behave in a more polite and reasonable way , sacking ; rattlesnake sacking is a sport in which people try to get live rattlesnakes into a sack without being injured , reasonable ; fair and sensible Some people think it is perfectly reasonable to climb into the mouth of a volcano., liberate ; to give someone the freedom to do what they want, for example by taking them out of a situation in which their behaviour is controlled , disobedience ; someone’s behaviour when they do not obey orders or rules , reverse ; to change the order or development of events, a process, or a situation to be the opposite of what it was , insure ; to regularly pay an insurance company an amount of money so that they will give you money if something that you own is damaged, lost, or stolen, or if you die or are sick or injured , phobia ; a very strong feeling of disliking or being afraid of someone or something , reassured ; made to feel less worried about something , reflex ; a way of reacting to something that you do very quickly, without thinking about it , antidote ; a substance that prevents a poison from having bad effects, prey ; an animal that is caught by another animal and eaten , victim ; someone who has suffered as a result of the actions or negative attitudes of someone else or of people in general , award to give someone a prize or other reward because they have achieved something , privilege ; a special benefit that is available only to a particular person or group , bear ; a large wild animal with thick fur. There are several different types of bears, for example the polar bear and the grizzly bear. A young bear is called a bear cub., spark ; to make something happen, especially something involving violence or angry feelings , overturn ; to say officially that something such as a decision or law is wrong and change it , abolition ; the official end to a law, system, practice etc , freedom ; the right to do what you want, make your own decisions, and express your own opinions , drop in ; to make a short visit somewhere , courage ; the ability to do something that you know is right or good, even though it is dangerous, frightening, or very difficult , fear ; the feeling that you have when you are frightened, plain ; plain food is simple and does not have a lot of things added to it , whole ; all of something , treat (sb) ; to use medicine or medical methods to cure a patient or an illness , capacity ; the ability to do something , deserve ; if you deserve something, it is right that you get it, for example because of the way you have behaved, overemphasize ; to treat something as more important than it really is
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ETYKA DEFINICJE
Zespół przeświadczeń o tym co dobre i złe, pociągający za sobą akceptację lub negatywną ocenę postępowania , Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska poprzez faworyzowanie oparte na pokrewieństwie , Przestępstwo polegające na nielegalnym przywłaszczeniu sobie cudzych własności lub zatrzymaniu pewnego mienia, Korzyść osiągana dla siebie, innej osoby fizycznej lub prawnej, jednostki organizacyjnej nie mającej osobowości prawnej lub grupy osób, Skodyfikowany zbiór norm etycznych, określający sposób postępowania i zachowania człowieka w danej dziedzinie życia publicznego, Nauka o moralności, która stawia sobie za zadanie analizę i filozoficzne uzasadnienie faktów moralnych, z których można by wyprowadzić normy ludzkiego postępowania, Sytuacja, w której funkcjonariusz publiczny lub inna osoba uprawniona do wystawiania dokumentów, poświadcza w nim nieprawdę w sprawie okoliczności mającej znaczenie prawnej , Pośredniczenie w załatwieniu sprawy w zamian za korzyść majątkową lub obietnicę jej otrzymania , Zespół zasad i obowiązków zawodowych, dział etyki traktujący o obowiązkach moralnych i o tym co decyduje o moralnej wartości czynu, Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska przez faworyzowanie oparte na nieformalnych powiązaniach. Nieuczciwe lub nieoficjalne pobieranie znajomych zwykle mające im umożliwić osiągnięci korzyści materialnych , Sytuacja, w której osoba sprawująca funkcję publiczną podejmuje decyzje w sprawie, w rozstrzygnięciu której z jakichś powodów jest zainteresowany , Wzorzec, model etycznego postępowania, przyjęty dla danej grupy zawodowej, czasami zwany etosem , art 115 par 13 KK, Zbiór norm i reguł postępowania obowiązujących przedstawicieli danego zawodu, ujawnienie lub wbrew przepisom ustawy wykorzystanie informacji stanowiących tajemnicę państwową
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Agielski
fault ; a feature of something that makes it less good, riot ; a violent protest by a crowd of people, flared ; wider at one end, syndrome ; a medical condition that has a particular set of effects on your body or mind, provocative ; intended to start arguments between people or to make people angry or upset, bound to ; something that is bound to happen will almost certainly happen, waistcoat ; a piece of clothing without sleeves that is usually worn over a shirt, beard ; hair that grows on a man’s chin and cheeks, a drag ; something or someone that is boring or causes small annoying problems, looks ; the attractive appearance of someone, especially their face, pimple ; a small red lump on your skin, especially on your face, battle ; a situation in which someone is trying very hard to deal with a difficult situation, scruffy ; untidy or dirty, have a look ; to direct your eyes toward someone or something so that you can see them, legend ; someone who very many people know about and admire, bully ; someone who frightens or hurts someone who is smaller or weaker than they are, blow ; to spend a lot of money quickly on things that you do not need, genre; a particular style used in cinema, writing, or art, which can be recognized by certain features, keep your cool ; to remain calm in a difficult situation, chuck ; to get rid of something you do not want, catalogue ; a book containing information organized in a specific way, and often containing pictures, spot ; a very small red lump on someone’s face, Goth ; someone who follows a type of fashion that was first popular in the 1980s, in which people have black clothes, black hair, very white make-up and dark lipstick, cosmetic ; relating to the improvement of someone’s appearance, quiff ; the front part of a man’s hair shaped so that it is higher than the rest, stream ; a continuous flow of people or things, fleece ; a short jacket or pullover made of soft artificial material, pearl ; a small round jewel that is white and shiny and that grows inside the shell of an oyster, psychiatric ; connected with the treatment of mental illness, cynical ; someone who is cynical believes that people care only about themselves and are not sincere or honest, disapproval ; a feeling of not approving of someone or something, look through ; to read something quickly, especially to find the information you need
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ANGIELSKI
falter ; to stop speaking, or to speak with pauses between the words, because you are nervous or upset, catch up with ; to improve in order to reach the same standard or rate as someone or something, collection ; works of art that are kept together, for example in a museum, tireless ; working very hard without stopping, curator ; someone whose job is to look after the objects in a museum, live up to ; to be as good as what was expected or promised, best-seller ; a book that many people buy, sabre ; a heavy sword with a slightly curved blade, used in the past, talented ; someone who is talented is very good at something, slot ; a time during a series of events when it is arranged that something will happen, have an affair ; to have a sexual relationship with someone, especially when you are married to someone else, colossal ; extremely great or large, warden ; someone whose job is to be responsible for a particular place or thing, and who checks that rules are obeyed, craze ; something that suddenly becomes very popular, but for only a short time, mortuary ; a place where a dead body is kept, maggot ; a small soft creature with no arms or legs that later changes into a fly. Maggots are found in old meat and dead bodies., still life ; a type of art that represents objects rather than people, animals, or the countryside, comply ; to obey a rule or law, or to do what someone asks you to do, exhibit ; to put something interesting in a museum or other public place so that people can go and look at it, mural ; a large painting done on a wall, get away with ; to manage to do something bad without being punished or criticized for it, wherever ; everywhere or anywhere where someone does something or where a particular situation exists, turn (sb/sth) down ; to not accept an offer or request, put forward ; to offer an idea, opinion, reason, etc, especially so that people can discuss it and make a decision, set about ; to begin doing something, especially in a determined or enthusiastic way, suspend ; to officially stop something for a short time, billionaire ; someone who has more than a billion pounds or dollars, crawl ; if an insect crawls, it moves forward using its legs, godsend ; something that you are very grateful for because it helps you in a difficult situation, reputation ; the opinion that people have about how good or how bad someone or something is, set up ; to start something such as a business, organization, or institution, juvenile ; relating to young people who have committed a crime or who are accused of committing a crime
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ANGIELSKI
candidate ; one of the people competing for a job, wheel around ; to turn around quickly where you are standing, sure as hell ; used for saying that something is very certain, elitism ; the belief that a small group of people who have a lot of advantages should keep the most power and influence, close range ; only a short distance away, or separated by only a short distance, get the sack ; to lose your job, especially for doing something wrong, racism ; a way of behaving or thinking that shows that you do not like or respect people who belong to races that are different from your own and that you believe your race is better than others, candidate ; one of the people competing in an election, pacifism ; the belief that violence is wrong and that people should refuse to fight in wars, socialism ; a political system that aims to create a society in which everyone has equal opportunities and in which the most important industries are owned or controlled by the whole community, issue ; a subject that people discuss or argue about, especially relating to society, politics etc, punch ; to hit someone or something with your fist (=closed hand), usually as hard as you can, articulate ; able to express your thoughts, arguments, and ideas clearly and effectively, approachable ; someone who is approachable is friendly and easy to talk to, condescending ; showing that you think you are more important or more intelligent than other people, own up to (sth) ; to admit that you have done something bad or embarrassing, macho ; behaving in a way traditionally considered typical of a man, for example by being strong and willing to fight, and by hiding your feelings, general election ; an election in which every adult in the country can vote for the people who will represent them in parliament, red-faced ; with a red face, because of being embarrassed, angry, or hot, chancellor ; the leader of the government in some countries, for example Germany and Austria, Member of Parliament ; someone who people have elected to represent them in a parliament. Members of Parliament are usually called MPs, blush ; if you blush, your cheeks become red because you feel embarrassed or ashamed, democracy ; a system of government in which people vote in elections to choose the people who will govern them, tearful ; crying, or feeling as if you want to cry, nationalism ; the wish for political independence of a group of people with the same language, culture, history, etc., engineer ; someone who designs or builds things such as roads, railroads, bridges, or machines, stand for ; to try to get chosen in an election for a particular position or as a member of a particular institution. In American English, you say that someone runs for office, cruise ; to sail in a ship for pleasure, especially to a series of places, competent ; capable of doing something in a satisfactory or effective way, object to (sth) ; to be opposed to something, or to express your opposition to it in words, oversee ; to watch something in order to check that it works or happens in the way that it should, posting ; a message sent over the Internet to a newsgroup etc