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SENTENCJE I DEFINICJE
Clara non sunt interpretanda , Furiosi voluntas nulla est , Lex severior retro non agit , Crimina morte extinguntur , Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , Actus simulatus nullius est momenti , Summum ius summa iniuria , Nemo plus iuris ad alium transferre potest, quam ipse habet , Hereditas viventis non datur , Ignorantia iuris nocet, facti non nocet, Legatum est donatio testamento relicta, In dubio pro reo , Furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur , Accessio cedit principali , Lex retro non agit , Non omne quod licet honestum est , Nomina ipso iure divisa, Prior tempore potior iure , Et non facere facere est , Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, Iustitia est fundamentum regnorum , Ius est ars boni et aequi , Alterius contractu nemo obligatur , Servitus servitutir esse non potest, Ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat , Genus perire non censetur , Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur , Tres faciunt collegium, Nullum crimen sine culpa, Nemo invitus compellitur ad communionem , Errantis voluntas nulla est , Fiscus semper idoneus successor sit, et solvendo
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Lekcja pierwsza
a defenee of master's/doctoral thesis, an exam session, MA, to get a credit, a PhD student/doctoral student, an index book, skills, a trance, standarts of teaching, a resit/a retake/repeat/make up a exam, a den, a maintenance grant, in the field of, a seminar, TA, a thesis super visior, extensive knowledge, a rector, a syllabus, a lecturer, to do intership, an academic year, a certificat of completion, the humanities, a thesis/a dissertion, dean's office, a dormitory/hostel, lab classes, to graduate from, to do a project on, to obtain/get a degree in the field of, a scientific circle
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Rzym 2
errantis voluntas nulla est, Is fecit, cui prodest, imposibilium nulla obligato est, Nomina ipso iure divisa, adoptio naturam imitatur, Legatum est donatio testamento relicta, cui ius est domanti, eidem of vandendi, et concedenti ius est, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, actus simulatus nullius est momenti, cum reus moram facit, et fideiussor tenetur, Superficies solo cedit , Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Nemo iudex idoneus in propria causa , Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem , Servitus in faciendo consistere nequit, Servitus servitutir esse non potest, Nulli res sua servit , Summum ius summa iniuria, impossibilis condiciu pro non scripto habetur, furtom sine affectu furandi non committitur, Prior tempore potior iure, Mora trahit periculum
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Rzym 3
Nullum crimen sine culpa, Errantis voluntas nulla est, Accessio cedit principali, Actus simulatus nullius est momenti, Lex severior retro non agit, Lex non obligat nisi promulgata, Lex superior derogat legi inferiori, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Non omne quod licet honestum est, Mala fides superveniens non nocet, Pacta sunt servanda, Mora debitoris perpetuat obligationem, Impossibilium nulla obligatio est, Alterius contractu nemo obligatur, Servitutibus civiliter utendum est, Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur
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unit 1
at the beginning; in the first part of an event or process before something changes, backstage ; in the area behind the stage in a theatre, including the rooms where the actors get dressed, job seeker ; someone who is looking for a job. This word is used mainly by government officials., in the end ; finally, after a period of time or thought, looped ; with a round shape or curve made by a line curling back toward itself, be into; to be interested in and enjoy an activity or subject, initially ; at the beginning, reveal ; to show something that was covered or hidden, convention ; a meeting that a lot of people belonging to a particular profession or organization go to in order to discuss things, dark horse ; someone with a secret, especially a secret ability, skill, or achieve ment, that surprises you when you finally discover it, hang around ; to spend time in a place waiting or doing nothing, draw a line between ; to keep two things separate, bulging ; sticking out, get a taste for ; to begin to like something, lacking ; if something important or useful is lacking, it does not exist or is not available, stall ; a large table or a small building that is open at the front, used for s elling things or for giving people information, survey ; a set of questions that you ask a large number of people or organizations, impatient ; annoyed because something is not happening as quickly as you w ant or in the way you want, background ; the type of career, training, or education that someone has had, sticker ; a piece of paper or plastic with a picture, colour, or writing on one side and a sticky surface on the other that you can stick to, stand out ; if something stands out, it is easy to see or notice because it is different in some way, hooked ; if you are hooked on something, you find it so attractive or interesting that you want to do it as much as possible, supporter ; someone who likes to watch a particular sports team and wants that team to win, to begin with ; before or during the first part of an activity or process, babysit ; to look after children in their home while their parents are not there, especially in the evening, decay ; if a building or an area decays, its state gradually gets worse because it has not been looked after, kid ; a child, track down ; to find someone or something after a long search, fan ; someone who likes watching or listening to something such as a sport, films, or music very much, or who admires a famous or important person very much, junk ; old, broken, or useless things, badge ; a small round object that fastens onto your clothes with a pin and usually has a picture or writing on it. The American word is button., trespass ; to go into a place without the owner’s permission
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angielski
tame ; someone who is tame obeys other people or is afraid of them, absurd ; completely stupid, unreasonable, or impossible to believe, hutch ; a structure for keeping small animals in, especially rabbits, butt in ; to join a conversation or activity without being asked to, kiwi ; the bird that is the symbol of New Zealand. It has a long thin beak and cannot fly., ferocious, okrutny ; violent and able to cause serious damage or injury, clear up ; to solve a problem or a mystery, petition ; a document signed by many people that asks someone in authority to do something, carriage ; a vehicle with wheels that is pulled by horses, especially one used in the past before cars were invented, clash ; a fight or battle between two groups of people, fox ; a wild animal similar to a small dog, with red-brown fur, a pointed face, and a thick tail, cull ; an act of culling animals, break out ; if something bad such as a war or disease breaks out, it starts, Cuddly; a cuddly person or animal is attractive and makes you want to cuddle them, especially because they look soft or round, iridescent ; showing changing colours in different types of light, rewarding ; giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit, row ; a series of people or things arranged in a straight line, guinea pig ; a small animal with fur, short ears, and no tail. It is often kept as a pet, unhygienic ; not clean, and likely to cause disease, rope ; a type of very thick string that can be used for tying or pulling things, habitat ; the type of place that a particular animal usually lives in or a particular plant usually grows in, for example a desert, forest, or lake, get rid of ; to take action that stops something annoying, unpleasant, or not wanted from affecting you, mayor ; the most important elected official in a town or city, miss the point ; to fail to understand something, get on with it ; to give your time to something and make progress with it, counter ; to reply to a criticism or statement that you disagree with, saint ; someone who the Christian church officially honours after their death because they have lived an especially holy life. Saint is often written as St before a person’s name, conservationist ; someone who works to protect the environment from damage or destruction, cold-blooded; deliberately cruel and showing no emotion, ingratitude ; behaviour or attitudes that show you are not grateful, especially when other people think you should be grateful, baron ; a man who is a member of the nobility. In the UK, a baron has lower status than most other members of the nobility., solemnly ; in a serious way
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angielski
liberty ; the freedom to think or behave in the way that you want and not be controlled by a government or by other people , back ; to give support to a person, organization, or plan, making them more likely to succeed , acupuncture ; a medical treatment from China that involves putting special needles into particular parts of the body , privilege ; a special benefit that is available only to a particular person or group , risk ; the possibility that something unpleasant or dangerous might happen , defy ; to refuse to obey someone or something , disobedience ; someone’s behaviour when they do not obey orders or rules , interstate ; existing or taking place between states, especially between the states in the US or Australia , fear ; the feeling that you have when you are frightened, coarse ; a coarse substance or surface feels rough and hard , principal ; main, or most important , folks ; people , fearless ; not afraid of anyone or anything. , award to give someone a prize or other reward because they have achieved something , equality ; the state of being equal, especially in having the same rights, status, and opportunities , bear ; a large wild animal with thick fur. There are several different types of bears, for example the polar bear and the grizzly bear. A young bear is called a bear cub., short-changed ; if someone is short-changed, they do not receive back enough money for something they have paid for after they have paid more than the full price for the things , reverend ; a title used for some Christian priests and ministers , segregation ; the policy of keeping people from different groups, especially different races, separate. Integration is the policy of bringing these groups together , regain ; to get something again that you lost, especially an ability or a mental state , bravery ; brave behaviour , rattler ; a rattlesnake , pray ; to speak to God or a saint, for example to give thanks or ask for help , courageous ; very brave and determined, harassment ; annoying or unpleasant behaviour towards someone that takes place regularly, for example threats, offensive remarks, or physical attacks , phobia ; a very strong feeling of disliking or being afraid of someone or something , anxiety ; a worried feeling you have because you think something bad might happen, liberate ; to give someone the freedom to do what they want, for example by taking them out of a situation in which their behaviour is controlled , grant ; to allow someone to have or do what they want , ensure ; to make certain that something happens or is done , severe ; a severe pain, injury, or illness is one which is serious and unpleasant , rebellion ; opposition to someone in authority or to accepted ways of doing things
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ETYKA DEFINICJE
Nauka o moralności, która stawia sobie za zadanie analizę i filozoficzne uzasadnienie faktów moralnych, z których można by wyprowadzić normy ludzkiego postępowania, art 115 par 13 KK, Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska przez faworyzowanie oparte na nieformalnych powiązaniach. Nieuczciwe lub nieoficjalne pobieranie znajomych zwykle mające im umożliwić osiągnięci korzyści materialnych , Zespół zasad i obowiązków zawodowych, dział etyki traktujący o obowiązkach moralnych i o tym co decyduje o moralnej wartości czynu, Korzyść osiągana dla siebie, innej osoby fizycznej lub prawnej, jednostki organizacyjnej nie mającej osobowości prawnej lub grupy osób, Przestępstwo polegające na nielegalnym przywłaszczeniu sobie cudzych własności lub zatrzymaniu pewnego mienia, Pośredniczenie w załatwieniu sprawy w zamian za korzyść majątkową lub obietnicę jej otrzymania , Sytuacja, w której osoba sprawująca funkcję publiczną podejmuje decyzje w sprawie, w rozstrzygnięciu której z jakichś powodów jest zainteresowany , ujawnienie lub wbrew przepisom ustawy wykorzystanie informacji stanowiących tajemnicę państwową , Nadużycie zajmowanego stanowiska poprzez faworyzowanie oparte na pokrewieństwie , Skodyfikowany zbiór norm etycznych, określający sposób postępowania i zachowania człowieka w danej dziedzinie życia publicznego, Sytuacja, w której funkcjonariusz publiczny lub inna osoba uprawniona do wystawiania dokumentów, poświadcza w nim nieprawdę w sprawie okoliczności mającej znaczenie prawnej , Zbiór norm i reguł postępowania obowiązujących przedstawicieli danego zawodu, Zespół przeświadczeń o tym co dobre i złe, pociągający za sobą akceptację lub negatywną ocenę postępowania , Wzorzec, model etycznego postępowania, przyjęty dla danej grupy zawodowej, czasami zwany etosem
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Agielski
a drag ; something or someone that is boring or causes small annoying problems, complexion ; the appearance of the skin on someone’s face, and whether it is pale, dark, smooth etc, legend ; someone who very many people know about and admire, nuts ; crazy, photo shoot ; an occasion when a professional photographer takes photographs of someone for a magazine, worn-out ; too old or damaged to use any longer, velvet ; cloth that is very soft on one side and smooth on the other, quiff ; the front part of a man’s hair shaped so that it is higher than the rest, cynical ; someone who is cynical believes that people care only about themselves and are not sincere or honest, deep-rooted ; a deep-rooted feeling, belief, idea etc is strong and you have had it for so long that it is difficult to change, heritage ; the art, buildings, traditions, and beliefs that a society considers important to its history and culture, distinguish ; to be a feature that makes someone or something clearly different from other similar people or things, cosmetic ; relating to the improvement of someone’s appearance, second-hand ; owned or used by someone else before you, manifestation ; evidence that something exists or is present, shallow ; not interested in serious ideas, strong feelings, or other important things, spotlight ; a situation in which you get a lot of public attention, influential ; able to influence the way other people think or behave, wide-collared ; a wide-collared coat, shirt, or dress has a collar that is larger than usual, spot ; a very small red lump on someone’s face, initiative ; the ability to decide in an independent way what to do and when to do it, incomprehensible ; impossible to understand, looks ; the attractive appearance of someone, especially their face, anorexia ; a serious illness that makes you want to stop eating and that mainly affects young women. Its full medical name is anorexia nervosa., commune ; a group of people who live together and share work, food, income, and possessions, denim ; thick cotton cloth that is usually blue and is used especially to make jeans, stream ; a continuous flow of people or things, defect ; a fault in someone or something, middle-aged ; used for suggesting that someone’s behaviour, clothes etc are boring and typical of middle-aged people, loose ; loose clothes are large and do not fit your body tightly, constant ; continuous or regular over a long period of time, reasonable ; used about people’s decisions, actions etc
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ANGIELSKI
whatever ; used for saying that what happens or what is true is not important, because it makes no difference to the situation, calendar ; a set of pages showing the days, weeks, and months of a particular year, logo ; a symbol that represents an organization or company, used for example in its advertisements or on its products, whoever ; used for saying that it does not matter who is involved in something because the result or the situation will be the same, nominate ; to officially suggest that someone should be given a job, or that someone or something should receive a prize, exhibition ; a public show where art or other interesting things are put so that people can go and look at them, vending machine ; a machine that you can buy things from, for example cigarettes, sweets, or drinks, rate ; the speed at which something happens within a particular period of time, commission ; a group of people that is officially put in charge of something or asked to find out about something, commit suicide ; to deliberately kill yourself, glance ; to look somewhere quickly and then look away, crawl ; if an insect crawls, it moves forward using its legs, charm ; the quality of being pleasant or attractive, curator ; someone whose job is to look after the objects in a museum, melt ; to change a solid substance into a liquid, shark ; a large fish with sharp teeth that lives in the sea. Some types of shark attack people., slight ; small in size, amount, or degree, greet ; to react to an action or news in a particular way, building site ; a place where something is being built, skull ; the bones of the head, single (sth/sb) out ; to choose one person from a group for special attention, sting ; to have or cause a sudden pain or uncomfortable feeling, portrait ; a painting, drawing, or photograph of someone, especially of their face only, live up to ; to be as good as what was expected or promised, broadcast ; a programme that can be seen or heard on radio or television, comply ; to obey a rule or law, or to do what someone asks you to do, maggot ; a small soft creature with no arms or legs that later changes into a fly. Maggots are found in old meat and dead bodies., suspend ; to officially stop something for a short time, slot ; a time during a series of events when it is arranged that something will happen, juvenile ; relating to young people who have committed a crime or who are accused of committing a crime, warden ; someone whose job is to be responsible for a particular place or thing, and who checks that rules are obeyed, colossal ; extremely great or large
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ANGIELSKI
ageism ; the practice of treating older people in an unfair or insulting way, for example by not giving them jobs, close range ; only a short distance away, or separated by only a short distance, brush (sth) off ; to refuse to listen to someone, or to accept that something might be true or important, oversee ; to watch something in order to check that it works or happens in the way that it should, Member of Parliament ; someone who people have elected to represent them in a parliament. Members of Parliament are usually called MPs, fair ; if a situation is fair, everyone is treated equally and in a reasonable way, ashamed ; feeling guilty or embarrassed because you have done something wrong, or think that you have not reached a standard that people expect, magnum ; a large bottle that holds 1.5 litres, constituency ; a division of a country that elects a representative to a parliament, nationalism ; the wish for political independence of a group of people with the same language, culture, history, etc., socialism ; a political system that aims to create a society in which everyone has equal opportunities and in which the most important industries are owned or controlled by the whole community, grant ; to allow someone to have or do what they want, democrat ; someone who supports democracy as a political system, chancellor ; the leader of the government in some countries, for example Germany and Austria, bright ; bright colours are strong but not dark, idealism ; a very strong belief in something which is good but probably impossible to achieve, childcare ; the job of looking after children, especially while their parents are working, promptly ; used for saying that someone does something immediately after doing another thing when this is surprising, respect ; a feeling of admiration that you have for someone because of their personal qualities, their achievements, or their status, and that you show by treating them in a polite and kind way, pour ; to make a liquid or substance flow out of a container that you are holding, representative ; someone who has been chosen or elected by a person or group to vote, give opinions, or make decisions for them, own up to (sth) ; to admit that you have done something bad or embarrassing, realism ; the ability to accept events and situations as they really are and to deal with them in a practical way, turnout ; the number of voters in an election, candidate ; one of the people competing for a job, offensive ; unpleasant or insulting, and likely to make people upset or embarrassed, ad ; an advertisement, self-conscious ; embarrassed or worried about how you look or what other people think of you, grounds ; a reason for what you say or do, or for being allowed to say or do something, spark ; the quality of being lively and original, resign ; to state formally that you are leaving a job permanently, philosophical ; relating to philosophy